Overview:
Maj. Gen. Cedric T. Wins, a retired two-star Army commander, was fired as the superintendent of Virginia Military Institute (VMI) after five years of trying to change the school's entrenched racist culture. The VMI board, which is stocked with allies of Virginia Gov. Glenn Younkin, voted against renewing Wins' contract, citing "partisan" decision-making. The decision has sparked outrage among Black and progressive alumni, who say it smacks of an end-run around the taxpaying public and undermines the school's legacy.
When he took command of Virginia Military Institute six months after the murder of George Floyd — and five months ahead of a blistering report on rampant racism and sexism at the institution — Maj. Gen. Cedric T. Wins, a retired two-star Army commander, accepted a difficult mission: take on an entrenched, racist “good old boy” culture at the nation’s oldest state-funded military college.
Wins, a Black man and VMI alum at the helm of a school whose cadets fought and died for the Confederacy, won some uphill battles, including removing a prominent statue of Thomas J. “Stonewall” Jackson. But VMI’s powerful white alumni network of politicians and businessmen counterattacked, criticizing Wins for moving the 185-year-old institution too far left.
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Last month, Wins lost the five-year war. The VMI board — stocked with hand-picked allies of Virginia Gov. Glenn Younkin, a conservative Republican with apparent presidential aspirations — overwhelmingly voted against renewing his contract.
Now, as a group of Black and progressive VMI alumni rally to his defense, Wins says his dismissal stems from the board’s “partisan” decision that walks past his hard-won accomplishments, including an increase in both state funding and enrollment.
“Abrupt and Unjustifiable Action”
In an open letter to the school, Wins wrote that his ouster “abandons the values of honor, integrity, and excellence upon which VMI was built” and threatens to drag the school back to its “distant past.”
“My tenure will end because bias, emotion, and ideology rather than sound judgment swayed the board,” Wins said. “Their actions undermine the rich legacy of VMI for political gain.”
Meanwhile, in a separate open letter on its website, the Black alumni network, “In Alma Mater’s Name,” decried the board’s closed-door decision. They said it smacks of an end-run around the taxpaying public, which ostensibly funds VMI.
The decision “has sent shockwaves through the VMI community and raises serious concerns about the motives behind this abrupt and unjustifiable action,” the letter states.
Confederate Roots
Located in Lexington, Virginia, in the Shenandoah Valley, VMI is one of a handful of what’s known as “senior military academies,” including The Citadel and Texas A&M University. Like The Citadel, VMI’s 1,700 students are all cadets, the majority of whom will enter the military as commissioned officers after graduation.
Founded decades before the opening battles of the Civil War, VMI has nonetheless had deep ties to, and reverence for, the Confederacy. Jackson, the Confederate hero, taught at the school, rebel soldiers trained on its grounds, and the school pays tribute each year to 10 cadets who died fighting the Union Army at the Battle of New Market nearby.
In 1968, VMI admitted its first Black students, becoming the last of Virginia’s public colleges and universities to integrate.
Investigators found a deep-seated culture of casual racism and sexism.
While the number of minority and women students gradually increased, allegations of racism and sexism remained constant, even during Wins’s early tenure. In 2021 — after reports of a student threatened with lynching, glorification of the Ku Klux Klan, and reverence for the Confederacy — then-Gov. Ralph Northram, a Democrat and VMI alum, ordered an independent investigation.
Investigators found a deep-seated culture of casual racism and sexism, along with strong resistance to change. The campus’s main Parade Ground, for example, featured statues of Jackson, which first-year students were required to salute, and Francis H. Smith, VMI’s first superintendent, who backed Black resettlement in Africa. Buildings were named after Confederate heroes.
An Undercurrent of Resistance
In his first years as superintendent, Wins won high marks for pushing culture change, including DEI initiatives and helping minority and female cadets feel a part of the institution. Publicly held in regard, Wins regularly earned 5-figure performance bonuses for his work.
But he also faced a steady resistance from influential conservative white men with ties to the school. They complained about Wins’ diversity policies at alumni gatherings and in online forums. They blamed him for falling enrollment. They said his purported preferential treatment of minorities and women discriminated against white students and watered down standards that hurt the institution’s academic reputation.
The Washington Post reports that on Jodel, an anonymous chat app popular at VMI, users openly criticized Win’s tenure at the school, including some outright racist posts. They called the two-star general with three decades of military service a “DEI hire” who should “shut up” about the school’s lack of inclusion and diversity.
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In 2021, Younkin won the Virginia governor’s race with the support of The Spirit of VMI, a conservative political action committee that raised money for his campaign. After taking office, Younkin used his oversight power to quietly replace members of VMI’s Board of Visitors, gradually building a conservative majority.
Last Friday, after a closed-door meeting that stretched more than two hours, the board voted to dump Wins without explanation, three months before his contract expired.
Wins has said he will stay on at the school until June.
In his letter to VMI’s community, Wins defended his four-year tenure. Under his leadership, Wins said, the school increased its share of state funding, raised staff and faculty pay, reversed an admissions slide, awarded $2.4 million in scholarships, and rose in national rankings.
One Black student, speaking on condition of anonymity, told The Post that, with Wins’ departure, they feel more exposed to the racial harassment on VMI’s campus — mistreatment that never really went away.
“This school was not made for people of color, nor does it want to conform to people of color,” he said.
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